Thanks for the input everyone. Much appreciated.
Summary
- studs/lug nuts: conversion lug nuts sound like the way to go, longer studs still needed
- backspacing (5"): clearance is tight but shouldn't be an issue, possible wheel spacers
- center bore: ~3.5" rear hub vs. ~3" wheel, not gonna work, possible wheel spacers
Conclusion
- Don't you hate it when you get some wacky idea in your head you just can't shake? I think I could make the rims work correctly with the proper tweaks from above which are all minimal effort. I guess it really boils down to how cheap my friend will sell me the rims, maybe free

, and I guess I'll find out how bad the backspacing looks once I mount them.
Thanks again for help guys! I'll post picks if I ever make this happen.