What would cause this ?

[kcfirstbuild]

I started to pull apart my 307 with 55.000 miles on it. I know that the truck has been sitting for 13 years so i just planed on putting new gaskets in it but then i found trouble.
I pulled of the crank and looked at the cam and it was pitted. What would cause that ??

I also notice on some of the water ports of the head there was some weird stuff in them. I would almost say it looks like solder melted and hardened. Not sure what thats about.